I remember the first time I opened my brokerage account online to start trading. I had $19,500 that I just transferred from a line of credit and I felt like a kid in a candy store with $1M in my pocket ;-). Even though I had a solid background in finance and had friends working close to the stock market, I still felt the urge to buying stocks. This motivation was fuelled by greed and the possibility of making a profit and being a winner on the stock market battlefield.
Starting to invest is quite motivating but as a young investor, you must put greed and hype aside and start by looking for sound investments. As I previously mentioned, I think that one of the best ways to start for a young investor is to look at ETFs and mutual funds. Later on, I’ll explain when and how to pick individual dividend stocks. It’s not only a matter of dollars but it is also a matter of knowledge. Buying ETFs or mutual funds will protect most beginner investors from making big mistakes (such as chasing high yields without looking at the payout ratio). However, buying such investment vehicles doesn’t mean that you will necessarily make good moves. This is why there are several things to look at before picking the right ETF or mutual fund.
Fees, fees and fees
The very first thing to look at and the most discussed is definitely the fees. They can be obvious (trading fees, Management fees) but they can also be hidden (back end fees). Let’s take a quick look at the different types of fees so you can understand them:
#1 Trading fees;
This is the commission fee required by your investment broker to process your transaction. Commission fees apply at the purchase and sale of an investment. They are usually charged on stocks and ETFs while they may not when buying bonds or mutual funds (mind you, it doesn’t mean that your transaction is free either!).
The best way to avoid this type of fee is either trading mutual funds (with no transaction fees) or to select a broker with low commission rates (such as Zecco which offers transactions as low as $5 in the USA and Questrade with trades between $4.95 and $9.95 for Canadian).
#2 Management fees;
This is the cost to manage your investment. Whether you buy an ETF or a mutual fund, you do not control what is inside. Therefore, you have to pay a portfolio manager to do the job for you. ETF fees are around 0.40% to 0.60% while dividend mutual funds can charge between 1.5% and 3% (and sometimes higher). While I will discuss the importance of management in another post, let just say that paying 3% for any type of investment is very expensive.
#3 Back-end fees;
This type of fee will usually show up with mutual funds. If you don’t stay in the same product (or family of fund) for X number of years, there is a fee attached to exit fund. If you are about to purchase any type of mutual funds, make sure you can sell them whenever you want.
Trading Options
Since we are talking dividend strategies for investors, I would suggest looking at the following trading options before making any choices.
First off, I think you are better off choosing to reinvest the dividends and any profits generated by your investment product. It is a similar system to the DRIP for individual stocks. This allows you to increase the amount of units (with no transaction fees) by using the profit (interest, dividends or capital gains) generated by your holdings.
The second trading option is periodic investments. This is usually allowed for most mutual funds and some ETFs offer it as well. Periodic investing is a great way to continue to build your portfolio and using dollar cost averaging at the same time. This will help you build a great saving habit and before you notice, you will have $5,000 or more invested in the market.
Diversification
As a young investor, you might be tempted to look at the best performing ETFs or funds for the past 5 years and pick among them. However, it is important that you also account for diversification in your choices. One fund that performed really well in the past 5 years might be heavily invested in a specific sector or commodity. You don’t want to be concentrated since you don’t know what will be the “next big thing” on the market. Going for diversification among sectors and also geography may be a good idea. For example, the dividend world is pretty concentrated in financials on the Canadian market. Adding US dividend companies could be a really good idea.
Don’t hesitate to ask for help
There is something very useful that most people don’t do because they are afraid to get fooled; talk to a financial advisor. You want to invest on your own and you don’t want to be fooled by a commission based advisor? You can still talk to him, ask him why you should invest in his portfolio, ask him to compare it to another type of portfolio and then, you have more information for free ;-). It doesn’t meant that you have to invest with this guy, but at least you are able to gather more information ;-).
This is a great post. I too once had $19,500 in an investment account when I first started at age 18. I lost it all (but thankfully made a great comeback..with dividend stocks). Dividends are where it’s at.
I left the industry years ago, but I am ashamed that DSC funds still exist. If people really understood how focused they are on the brokers’ commission at their own (time and money) expense, they would be horrified.
Great work.
Mike, I am trying to find the most no excuse way for people with $100 to start investing. Most brokerage houses have a $1000 minimum. I see that Schwab has $100 minimum with in house no commission ETF’s. I don’t see a minimum for investing there. There are 11 of them; great for diversification. This could be a great way for people with little money to get started. The ETF’s are Index funds. Have you checked it out? What do you think?
Great post Mike.
IMO Dividend stocks and growth stocks are the best investments we can make.
You mention the payout ratio vs the yield. How do you find the payout ratio for these funds?